The positive aspect of Resveratrol Bioavailability
Both are absorbed in the mouth and can travel across the blood-brain barrier. The downside is that they are quickly metabolized. The duration of circulation is short.
The rate at which Resveratrol is absorbed in the digestive lumen is approximately 75 percent. However, its rapid metabolism in the liver leads to the oral bioavailability of less than 1 percent. In a human bioavailability study, 15 healthy participants took a 500 mg capsule of trans-resveratrol. The blood samples collected after the dosing revealed that free Resveratrol only comprised 0.28 percent of the total Resveratrol in the bloodstream. The remainder consisted of sulfates or conjugated glucuronides [1].
The study also showed that the lifespan of Resveratrol was concise and reached its peak approximately one hour after consumption. The results were identical to a previous study that found the half-life of trans-resveratrol was between one and three hours after a dose.
Maintaining a level in the bloodstream is challenging if a substance is low in bioavailability and has a shorter half-life. One study revealed that the people who consumed 150 mg or more of trans-resveratrol six times daily had low plasma levels.
Some often discussed comparisons between Resveratrol and Pterostilbene is that their bioavailability of Resveratrol in the mouth is only 20 percent, and Pterostilbene has a high of 80 percent. It is vital to remember that these percentages are the sum of resveratrol and resveratrol sulfate and Pterostilbene in combination with the sulfate of Pterostilbene. More importantly, these figures come from a study of rats, not humans.
Another of the most frequently cited comparisons has been that the half-life of Pterostilbene is seven times longer than Resveratrol. This information is based on two studies: one reported that Resveratrol had 14 minutes of half-life, and one stated that Pterostilbene's half-life was more than 105 minutes. It is important to note that these were preclinical research studies conducted not in humans but on rodents, rabbits, and mice.
Several unanswered questions remain. It is uncertain whether the conjugated metabolites of Resveratrol and pterostilbene exhibit biological activity at a tissue level (there is evidence of exercise, but less than the free form of Resveratrol). It is also unclear whether Pterostilbene bioavailability studies derived from animal studies can be applied to humans.
Many researchers and clinicians are currently using limited information about the bioavailability of Pterostilbene. Based on the previously mentioned research, Pterostilbene has gained a reputation as an even more potent and bioavailable variant of Resveratrol.
Pterostilbene and Resveratrol Health Benefits Comparison
Resveratrol is widely studied. Studies have shown that Resveratrol affects numerous molecular functions at the cellular level. It interacts with cellular pathways related to healthy +Inflammageing balance, apoptosis, and autophagy. It also affects aging and longevity patterns, such as cell senescence and telomeres.
Despite its low bioavailability, there is considerable evidence of Resveratrol's ability to improve human well-being. Research studies that have been controlled and randomized have proven that Resveratrol's supplements aid in weight loss, blood sugar metabolism, cardiovascular function and mood, healthy inflammatory balance, and oxygenation stress [2]. Resveratrol's health benefits have been demonstrated in various other studies and meta-analyses.
As far as Pterostilbene is concerned, the evidence is much smaller. Except for one safety study published in 2013, there were few human studies. A survey conducted by the University of Mississippi with 80 adults showed that Pteron increased blood pressure and lipid metabolism.
Most research on Pterostilbene is currently at a preclinical or experimental phase. Most experts believe that the molecular mechanism of Pterostilbene should be considered similar to those of Resveratrol.
References
1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21261636/
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20013887/
